The Sudan December Revolution (or 18 December Revolution) was a major, sustained civil uprising that began in December 2018 and led to the overthrow of long-time dictator Omar al-Bashir in April 2019

The revolution began with spontaneous protests on December 19, 2018, in the city of Atbara, triggered by the government's tripling of bread prices and the removal of basic subsidies amid a deepening economic crisis. Protesters quickly linked economic grievances to the corruption and authoritarianism of al-Bashir's 30-year regime, with the core demands becoming "freedom, peace, and justice"

-Initial Protests: Demonstrations spread rapidly from Atbara across the country to Khartoum and other cities. Security forces responded with violence, using tear gas and live ammunition, leading to dozens of deaths and injuries.

-The Sit-in: The movement was largely organized by the Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA) and neighborhood resistance committees, which called for a massive sit-in outside the military headquarters in Khartoum starting on April 6, 2019. This sit-in became the focal point of the revolution, creating a space for free expression and a direct challenge to the military's power.

-Al-Bashir Ousted: On April 11, 2019, after months of sustained pressure and a visible split within the security forces (some soldiers began shielding protesters), the military stepped in and removed Omar al-Bashir from power in a coup d'état.

-Khartoum Massacre: Protests continued after the coup, demanding a transfer to a civilian government. On June 3, 2019, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and other security forces violently dispersed the Khartoum sit-in, killing hundreds of people, with bodies reportedly thrown into the Nile. This event sparked widespread condemnation and renewed calls for justice.

-Power-Sharing Agreement: Following a massive civil disobedience campaign, negotiations between the military and the civilian opposition (Forces of Freedom and Change alliance, or FFC) led to a power-sharing agreement in August 2019, establishing a joint civilian-military Sovereignty Council to guide a 39-month transition to democracy.